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1.
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion ; (12): 409-413, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-980737

ABSTRACT

The treatment idea for chronic urticaria with acupuncture and moxibustion by "mind-body regulation" is explored in reference with "psychosomatic medicine". Chronic urticaria refers to "mind and body comorbidity" because qi and blood dysfunction and emotional abnormality are presented simultaneously in the disease and affected each other. In clinical diagnosis and treatment, the mutual regulation of mind and body should be considered to improve the curative effect. In treatment with acupuncture and moxibustion, through regulating the mind of brain, heart and zang organs, as well as qi movement, the mental activity is adjusted; through harmonizing the defensive qi and the nutrient blood, eliminating wind and stopping itching, the unhealthy conditions of body are treated. The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture is adopted in combination with moxibustion, bloodletting and auricular point therapy, in which, "regulating the mind" goes through the whole process of treatment, and the doctors and patients are well cooperated to ensure the qi-blood harmonization and the mind-body wellness.


Subject(s)
Humans , Moxibustion , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Bloodletting , Chronic Urticaria
3.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 6(2): 197-213, abr.jun.2022. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1400201

ABSTRACT

A urticária crônica é uma condição que afeta mais de um milhão de brasileiros, com grande impacto na qualidade de vida. Mesmo com diretrizes bem difundidas para o seu diagnóstico e tratamento, seu manejo pode ser desafiador em pacientes pediátricos, idosos e gestantes. Para auxiliar o médico especialista nestes casos, o Departamento Científico de Urticária da Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia elaborou esta revisão com as principais dúvidas e dificuldades referentes ao tema nestes grupos de pacientes.


Chronic urticaria is a condition that affects more than a million Brazilians with a significant impact on quality of life. Although there are well-established guidelines for diagnosis and treatment, the management of chronic urticaria may be challenging in pediatric, older, and pregnant patients. With the purpose of helping specialists manage these cases, the Urticaria Scientific Department of the Brazilian Association of Allergy and Immunology prepared this review with the most common doubts and difficulties about this topic in those patient groups.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pregnancy , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pregnant Women , Diagnosis, Differential , Omalizumab , Chronic Urticaria , Histamine H1 Antagonists , Patients , Physicians , Quality of Life , Societies, Medical , Therapeutics , Urticaria , Lactation , Diagnosis , Allergy and Immunology , Angioedema
4.
Diagn. tratamento ; 27(2): 31-8, abr-jun. 2022. ilus, ilus, ilus, ilus, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1369107

ABSTRACT

As urticárias são dermatoses frequentes, acometendo 15% a 20% da população, com pelo menos um episódio agudo da doença na vida. São classificadas em agudas (≤ 6 semanas) ou crônicas (> 6 semanas), de etiologia induzida ou espontânea. A urticária crônica espontânea tem prevalência estimada entre 1% e 2% da população mundial. Apresenta intenso comprometimento da qualidade de vida dos doentes, de forma que afeta várias esferas da vida como relacionamentos interpessoais, perdas laborais, interferência no estudo, perda de sono, entre outras, além de provocar transtornos psiquiátricos em 46% dos doentes pela imprevisibilidade das crises e peso monetário pela perda laboral e custo de tratamento contínuo. Atualmente os anti-histamínicos não sedantes (de segunda geração) constituem a pedra angular no tratamento da urticária crônica espontânea, em decorrência dos seus efeitos reduzidos sobre as atividades cognitivas e outras no sistema nervoso central e cardiovascular. A abordagem terapêutica se inicia com as doses licenciadas pelos fabricantes e é consenso internacional que os anti-histamínicos de segunda geração podem ser usados em doses duplicadas, triplicadas ou quadruplicadas, pois as doses padrão controlam apenas 39% dos doentes. Ainda assim, para grupo substancial dos doentes, torna-se necessária a segunda linha de tratamento, que é o omalizumabe, (um anticorpo monoclonal anti-imunoglobulina E [IgE] e anti-receptor de alta afinidade da IgE nos mastócitos e basófilos). Como terceira linha terapêutica, destaca-se a ciclosporina. Em raros casos refratários às medidas anteriores, há drogas com menor nível de evidência científica disponíveis, as quais são abordadas neste artigo de revisão.


Subject(s)
Cyclosporine , Omalizumab , Chronic Urticaria , Histamine Antagonists , Mast Cells
5.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 6(1): 108-115, jan.mar.2022. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1400116

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A urticária crônica é uma doença com prevalência em pelo menos 0,1% da população, definida pela presença de pápulas pruriginosas, angioedema ou ambos por período superior a seis semanas. Os pacientes com urticária crônica têm um severo prejuízo na qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da urticária crônica na qualidade de vida dos portadores da doença dentro de um serviço especializado no estado de Sergipe. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo observacional a partir de dados coletados de 40 pacientes atendidos, em 2021, no Serviço de Alergia e Imunologia do Ambulatório de Alergia e Imunologia do Decós Day Hospital, através de dois questionários específicos para a avaliação da qualidade de vida na urticária crônica: o Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire e o Urticaria Control Test. Resultados: Foi possível identificar uma correlação positiva, através do questionário Urticaria Control Test, entre a intensidade dos sintomas e a piora da qualidade de vida (r = 0,774; p < 0,001). Também foi possível identificar uma correlação positiva entre a intensidade dos sintomas e a piora da qualidade de vida, desta vez mensurada pela escala Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire (r = 0,768; p < 0,001). Noventa por cento dos pacientes afirmaram se sentir cansados durante o dia porque não dormiram bem, 87,5% sentem dificuldade para se concentrar, 90% sentem-se nervosos, 80% afirmaram sentirem-se para baixo, 75% disseram ter vergonha das lesões da urticária que aparecem no corpo, e 60% tem vergonha de frequentar lugares públicos. Conclusões: A urticária crônica compromete a qualidade de vida, medida pelos questionários Urticaria Control Test e Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire. O comprometimento da qualidade de vida dos doentes com urticária crônica ocorre principalmente nos aspectos psicológicos, nos relacionamentos sociais e na qualidade do sono.


Introduction: Chronic urticaria is a disease with a prevalence in at least 0.1% of the population, defined by the presence of pruritic papules, angioedema or both for a period longer than six weeks. Patients with chronic urticaria have a severe loss in quality of life. Objective: To assess the impact of chronic urticaria on the quality of life of patients with the disease within a specialized service in the state of Sergipe. Methods: This is a descriptive observational study based on data collected from 40 patients treated, in 2021, at the Allergy and Immunology Service of the Allergy and Immunology Outpatient Clinic of Decós Day Hospital, using two specific questionnaires for quality assessment of life in chronic urticaria: the Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Urticaria Control Test. Results: It was possible to identify a positive correlation, through the Urticaria Control Test questionnaire, between the intensity of symptoms and the worsening of quality of life (r = 0.774, p < 0.001). It was also possible to identify a positive correlation between the intensity of symptoms and worsening quality of life, this time measured by the Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire scale (r = 0.768, p < 0.001). 90% said they felt tired during the day because they didnt sleep well, 87.5% found it difficult to concentrate, 90% felt nervous, 80% said they felt down, 75% said they were ashamed of the urticaria lesions that appear on the body and 60% are ashamed to go to public places. Conclusions: Chronic urticaria compromises quality of life, as measured by the Urticaria Control Test and the Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire. The impairment of the quality of life of patients with chronic urticaria occurs mainly in the psychological aspects, in social relationships and in the quality of sleep.


Subject(s)
Humans , Quality of Life , Chronic Urticaria , Patients , Shame , Signs and Symptoms , Sleep , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Allergy and Immunology , Sleep Quality , Angioedema
6.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 6(1): 122-126, jan.mar.2022. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1400120

ABSTRACT

A urticária aquagênica é uma forma rara de urticária crônica induzida (UCInd) desencadeada por um estímulo específico. A patogênese não é totalmente compreendida, mas os sintomas se iniciam minutos após a exposição cutânea à água, independentemente de sua temperatura, e as urticas têm o padrão foliculocêntricas. O diagnóstico é confirmado através do teste de provocação, e o tratamento de primeira linha são os anti-histamínicos de segunda geração. Neste artigo, relatamos um caso de urticária aquagênica e fazemos uma breve revisão da literatura sobre o tema.


Aquagenic urticaria is a rare form of chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU) triggered by a specific stimulus. Pathogenesis is not fully understood, but symptoms appear minutes after cutaneous exposure to water, regardless of temperature, and wheals have a folliculocentric pattern. The diagnosis of CIndU is confirmed by provocation testing using established protocols, and first-line treatment is second-generation antihistamines. In this article, we report a case of aquagenic urticaria and provide a brief review of the relevant literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Water , Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating , Chronic Urticaria , Signs and Symptoms , Therapeutics , Skin Tests , Diagnosis , Histamine Antagonists
7.
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion ; (12): 157-161, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-927351

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical therapeutic effect and the impacts on recurrence rate on chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) between the combined treatment of bloodletting therapy and auricular point sticking on the base of xuanfu theory and the oral solution of levocetirizine hydrochloride.@*METHODS@#A total of 86 patients with CSU were randomized into an observation group (43 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a control group (43 cases, 3 cases dropped off). In the observation group, bloodletting therapy at Dazhui (GV 14), Feishu (BL 13), Geshu (BL 17) and Pishu (BL 20) was combined with auricular point sticking at lung (CO14), kidney (CO10), shenmen (TF4) and heart (CO15), etc. This combined treatment was given once every two days. In the control group, the oral solution of levocetirizine hydrochloride was prescribed, 10 mL each time, once daily. The treatment lasted for 4 weeks in the two groups. Before and after treatment, urticaria activity score 7 (UAS7), the score of dermatology life quality index (DLQI) and the levels of serum immune globulin E (IgE), interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interferon γ (IFN-γ) were compared in the patients between the two groups. The clinical therapeutic effect was evaluated in patients of the two groups and the recurrence rate was followed up 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment separately.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the scores of UAS7 and DLQI, as well as the levels of serum IgE and IL-4 were all reduced as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), and the level of serum IFN-γ was increased (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 83.3% (35/42) in the observation group and was 85.0% (34/40) in the control group. There was no statistical significance for the difference in the clinical therapeutic effect between the two groups (P>0.05). Eight and 12 weeks after treatment, the recurrence rates were 21.1% (4/19) and 26.3% (5/19) in the observation group, lower than 55.0% (11/20) and 65.0% (13/20) in the control group, respectively (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The combined therapy of bloodletting and auricular point sticking on the base of xuanfu theory relieves the clinical symptoms, regulates the levels of serum IgE, IL-4 and IFN-γ and improves the quality of life in the patients with CSU. The clinical therapeutic effect of this combined treatment is similar to the oral solution of levocetirizine hydrochloride. But, the recurrence rate of the combined treatment of bloodletting and auricular point sticking is lower and its long-term curative effect is better.


Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Acupuncture, Ear , Bloodletting , Chronic Urticaria , Quality of Life , Treatment Outcome
8.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 5(4): 422-425, out.dez.2021. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1399807

ABSTRACT

A reativação da BCG pode ocorrer em diversos contextos: associada a quadros infecciosos, imunossupressão, autoimunidade e pós-vacinações. Além disso, especialmente em crianças abaixo de 5 anos de idade, deve ser valorizada como um achando presente em cerca de 50% dos casos de Doença de Kawasaki. Neste artigo, relatamos o primeiro caso publicado na literatura de uma paciente adulta jovem, a qual manifestou uma reativação de BCG após receber a primeira dose de vacina contra COVID-19 (AztraZeneca/Oxford/Biomanguinhos). Dentro das primeiras 24h após a administração da vacina, a paciente desenvolveu febre alta, sudorese, dor local, mialgia difusa e cefaleia. Após dois dias, iniciou eritema e enduração no local da cicatriz da vacina BCG. Ela tem como comorbidade a urticária crônica espontânea, porém estava assintomática sem crises há mais de 1 ano. Tem como antecedente familiar relevante o óbito materno por síndrome complexa de sobreposição de autoimunidade (lúpus eritematoso sistêmico, síndrome de Sjögren e síndrome do anticorpo antifosfolípide). Após ser medicada com anti-inflamatórios não esteroides (AINE) e corticoterapia tópica de moderada potência por 3 dias, houve resolução completa da reativação da BCG. A paciente, após 3 meses, recebeu a segunda dose da vacina e não manifestou nenhum sintoma. Acredita-se que a reativação da BCG ocorra devido a um mecanismo de reação cruzada entre HSP do indivíduo, elicitadas como mediadores da imunidade inata frente à inflamação vacinal, com alguns epítopos do M. bovis. Recomendase que seja investigada alguma condição imunossupressora ou autoimune nos pacientes que manifestem reativação da BCG, principalmente em adultos, na qual a doença de Kawasaki é bastante rara. As vacinas, incluindo as contra COVID-19, também podem desencadear o surgimento deste fenômeno imunológico ainda pouco compreendido.


BCG reactivation can occur in different contexts: associated with infectious conditions, immunosuppression, autoimmunity and post-vaccinations. Also, especially in children below of 5 years of age, should be valued as a finding present in about 50% of cases of Kawasaki disease. In this article, we report the first case published in the literature of a young adult patient, who manifested a reactivation of BCG after receiving the first dose of vaccine against COVID-19 (AztraZeneca/Oxford/Biomanguinhos). Within the first 24 hours after the administration of the vaccine, the patient developed high fever, sweating, local pain, diffuse myalgia and headache. After 2 days, erythema and induration at the site of the BCG vaccine scar began. she has how comorbidity to chronic spontaneous urticaria, but she was asymptomatic without crises for more than 1 year. The relevant family history is maternal death due to the complex syndrome of autoimmunity overlap (systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögrens syndrome, and anti-phospholipid antibody). After being medicated with NSAID and moderate topical corticosteroid therapy potency for 3 days, there was complete resolution of BCG reactivation. The patient, after 3 months, received the 2nd dose of the vaccine and had no symptoms. It is believed that the reactivation of BCG occurs due to a cross-reaction mechanism between the individuals HSP, elicited as mediators of innate immunity against vaccine inflammation, with some epitopes of M. bovis. It is recommended that any immunosuppressive or autoimmune condition be investigated in patients that manifest BCG reactivation, especially in adults, in which Kawasaki disease is quite rare. Vaccines, including those against COVID-19, can also trigger of this immunological phenomenon still poorly understood.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , BCG Vaccine , Autoimmunity , Cicatrix , COVID-19 , ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 , Pain , Signs and Symptoms , Sjogren's Syndrome , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal , Antiphospholipid Syndrome , Adrenal Cortex Hormones , Erythema , Fever , Chronic Urticaria , COVID-19 Vaccines , Headache , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome , Mycobacterium bovis
9.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 5(3): 223-231, jul.set.2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1399210

ABSTRACT

Há o empenho contínuo de especialistas no desenvolvimento de tratamentos resolutivos ou eficazes nos controles das doenças, no entanto, a entidade urticária crônica espontânea (UCE), quando refratária à primeira linha de tratamento, os anti-histamínicos, apresenta um prognóstico desfavorável. Existe um arsenal de medicamentos biológicos disponíveis já consolidados como eficazes e seguros, porém eventualmente nos defrontamos com a inacessibilidade a estes medicamentos, devido aos custos dos mesmos e aos trâmites necessários para dar início ao tratamento. Tais fatos fundamentam a discussão sobre terapias alternativas com outros fármacos, visando manter o manejo adequado da doença e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.


Specialists have made a continuous effort for the development of effective treatments for disease control; however, chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), when refractory to the first line of treatment, ie, antihistamines, has an unfavorable prognosis. There are biological medicines available, which have been consolidated as effective and safe, but we are occasionally faced with a lack of access to these medicines due to their costs and the necessary procedures to start treatment. Such facts support the discussion about alternative therapies with other drugs, aiming at maintaining the adequate management of the disease and the quality of life of patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sulfasalazine , Cyclosporine , Leukotriene Antagonists , Dapsone , Omalizumab , Chronic Urticaria , Histamine Antagonists , Hydroxychloroquine , Patients , Quality of Life , Therapeutics , Biological Products , Complementary Therapies , Health Expenditures
10.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 5(3): 306-311, jul.set.2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1399405

ABSTRACT

A urticária solar é uma forma rara de urticária crônica induzida (UCInd). Os sintomas se iniciam minutos após a exposição ao sol e persistem por até 2 horas, interferindo nas atividades diárias do paciente, e consequentemente na sua qualidade de vida. O omalizumabe, anticorpo monoclonal anti-IgE já aprovado para o tratamento da urticária crônica espontânea, tem sido utilizado no tratamento das urticárias crônicas induzidas com boa resposta, inclusive na urticária solar. Neste artigo, relatamos um caso de urticária solar refratária aos anti-histaminicos, sua evolução após o uso do omalizumabe, e fazemos uma breve revisão da literatura sobre o tema.


Solar urticaria is a rare form of chronic inducible urticaria. Symptoms start minutes after exposure to the sun and persist for up to 2 hours, interfering with the patients' daily activities and, consequently, their quality of life. Omalizumab, a monoclonal anti-IgE antibody already approved for the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria, has been used in the treatment of chronic inducible urticaria, including solar urticaria, with good response. In this article, we report a case of solar urticaria refractory to antihistamines, show the patient's evolution after the use of omalizumab, and briefly review the literature on the subject.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Omalizumab , Chronic Urticaria , Histamine Antagonists , Quality of Life , Signs and Symptoms , Therapeutics , Immunoglobulin E , Antibodies, Monoclonal
12.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 5(2): 120-125, abr.jun.2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1398829

ABSTRACT

A pandemia de COVID-19 afetou drasticamente a vida de todos ao redor do planeta, interferindo também na forma de atuarmos como médicos e especialistas. Neste artigo revisamos aspectos importantes da infecção pelo novo coronavírus e sua relação com a urticária.


The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically affected people's lives around the world and has interfered with how we act as physicians and specialists. In this paper, we review important aspects of the new coronavirus infection and its connection with urticaria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Urticaria , Coronavirus Infections , Chronic Urticaria , COVID-19 , Skin Manifestations , Coronavirus
13.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 5(2): 126-134, abr.jun.2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1398831

ABSTRACT

Os medicamentos imunobiológicos têm sido frequentemente utilizados no tratamento das doenças alérgicas e de natureza imunológica. Esses agentes regulam a resposta imunológica do tipo 2 nas doenças alérgicas ou atuam em diversas vias de ativação alteradas nos erros inatos da imunidade. Com o surgimento da pandemia COVID-19 um crescente número de pacientes em uso de imunobiológicos para essas condições deverão ser vacinados contra o vírus SARS-CoV-2. Dessa forma, existe a necessidade de avaliar a segurança e eficácia destas vacinas nos pacientes em uso de imunobiológicos para asma, dermatite atópica, rinossinusite crônica com pólipos nasais, urticária crônica e erros inatos da imunidade. Foi realizada uma busca de literatura recente relevante sobre imunobiológicos e vacinas COVID-19 no PubMed. Existe um consenso de manutenção desses agentes durante a pandemia COVID-19, embora nas doenças alérgicas os mesmos devam ser suspensos durante a infecção ativa. Por outro lado, dados disponíveis em relação à segurança e eficácia das vacinas contra a COVID-19 nesse grupo de pacientes são escassos. Existem relatos do uso de outras vacinas inativadas em associação com alguns imunobiológicos demonstrando serem eficazes e seguras. Portanto, considerando o risco potencial da infecção COVID-19, especialmente nos pacientes portadores de erros inatos da imunidade, recomendamos que as vacinas contra a COVID-19 sejam utilizadas nos pacientes em uso de imunobiológicos. Desta forma, existe uma necessidade de estudos que avaliem estas questões haja vista que a terapia com diversos imunobiológicos tem sido amplamente utilizada nos pacientes com doenças alérgicas e de natureza imunológica.


Immunobiological drugs have often been used to treat allergic and immunological diseases. These agents regulate the type 2 immune response in allergic diseases or act on different activation pathways altered in inborn errors of immunity. With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, an increasing number of patients with these conditions using these agents should be vaccinated against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Thus, there is a need to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these vaccines in patients using biologics for asthma, atopic dermatitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, chronic urticaria, and inborn errors of immunity. A search for relevant recent literature on biologics and COVID-19 vaccines was conducted on PubMed. There is a consensus on maintaining the use of these agents during the COVID-19 pandemic, although in allergic diseases they must be suspended during active infection. Conversely, the available data regarding the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccines are scarce. There are reports of the use of other inactivated vaccines with some biologics proving to be effective and safe. Therefore, considering the potential risk of COVID-19 infection, especially in patients with inborn errors of immunity, we recommend that COVID-19 vaccines should be used in patients using biologics. Thus, there is a need for studies to assess these issues, given that therapy with several biologics has been widely used in patients with allergic and immunological diseases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Asthma , Therapeutics , Dermatitis, Atopic , Omalizumab , Chronic Urticaria , COVID-19 Vaccines , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , BNT162 Vaccine , 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 , ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Biological Products , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Efficacy , Coronavirus Infections , PubMed , Immune System Diseases
14.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 5(2): 195-198, abr.jun.2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1398931

ABSTRACT

A urticária é uma lesão cutânea eritematosa, edematosa e pruriginosa, mais prevalente em mulheres entre 30 a 50 anos de idade, sendo classificada em aguda ou crônica. O quadro clínico da urticária crônica espontânea é desencadeado independentemente de estímulos exógenos, podendo ser acompanhado de angioedema em 40% dos casos. O diagnóstico é clínico e a doença pode ser monitorada com escores. O tratamento da urticária crônica espontânea é baseado em anti-histamínicos H1 de segunda geração como primeira linha. A segunda linha se baseia no aumento da dose de anti-histamínicos H1 em até quatro vezes a dose habitual, a terceira linha consiste na associação de imunobiológicos como o omalizumabe, e a quarta linha no uso de ciclosporina. Este relato de caso teve como objetivo analisar a eficácia e segurança do tratamento com dupilumabe na urticária crônica espontânea refratária ao omalizumabe, utilizando os escores de atividade da urticária e o questionário de qualidade de vida em dermatologia. A partir dos resultados obtidos, verificou-se sucesso terapêutico com dupilumabe, que se manteve mesmo após suspensão do medicamento. O uso off label do dupilumabe justificou-se pelo seu mecanismo de ação na fisiopatologia da doença. Este é o primeiro relato de caso brasileiro do uso de dupilumabe para urticária crônica espontânea refratária ao omalizumabe.


Urticaria is an erythematous, edematous, and pruritic skin lesion, most prevalent in women between 30 and 50 years of age, and classified as acute or chronic. The clinical features of spontaneous chronic urticaria are triggered regardless of exogenous stimuli and may be accompanied by angioedema in 40% of cases. The diagnosis is clinical and the disease can be monitored with scores. The first-line treatment of spontaneous chronic urticaria is based on second-generation H1 antihistamines. The second-line treatment is based on increasing the dose of H1 antihistamines by up to four times the standard dose, the third line consists of the association with biologics such as omalizumab, and the fourth line consists of the use of cyclosporine. The present case report aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of dupilumab treatment for chronic spontaneous urticaria refractory to omalizumab, quantifying clinical improvement and quality of life using urticaria activity scores and a dermatology quality of life questionnaire, respectively. The results obtained showed therapeutic success with dupilumab, which was maintained even after drug suspension. Offlabel use of dupilumab was justified by its mechanism of action in the pathophysiology of the disease. This is the first Brazilian case report of the use of dupilumab for chronic spontaneous urticaria refractory to omalizumab.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized , Omalizumab , Chronic Urticaria , Histamine Antagonists , Histamine H1 Antagonists , Therapeutics , Efficacy , Cyclosporine , Dosage , Angioedema
15.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 119(2): s54-s66, abril 2021. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1152164

ABSTRACT

La urticaria es una de las afecciones cutáneas más comunes en niños. Se define urticaria aguda cuando persiste hasta 6 semanas, y crónica, cuando la duración es mayor. Afecta al 25 % de la población. La forma aguda es la más frecuente. La crónica representa el 0,1 %, con mayor predominio en mujeres (el 60 %). Se subdivide en urticaria crónica inducible cuando hay un desencadenante externo específico y urticaria crónica espontánea si este no está presente.Aunque la fisiopatología es compleja, la degranulación del mastocito se considera un evento clave. Los antihistamínicos anti-H1 de segunda generación son la primera línea de tratamiento tanto en la urticaria aguda como en la crónica. En pacientes no respondedores, se considerarán otras terapias.Se hará énfasis en urticaria crónica dada la dificultad en su diagnóstico, el aumento de su prevalencia y la gran afectación que produce en la calidad de vida de los niños.


Urticaria is one of the most common skin disorders in children. We define acute urticaria when it persists for less than 6 weeks, and chronic urticaria (CU), when it persists longer. Urticaria affects 25 % of the population; in most cases, it is acute urticaria. CU represents 0.1 %, with higher prevalence in women (60 %). CU is subclassified in chronic inducible urticaria when there is a specific external trigger and chronic spontaneous urticaria if it is not present.Although the pathophysiology is complex, mast cell degranulation is recognized as a key event. Second-generation H1 antihistamines are the first line of treatment in both, acute urticaria and CU. In unresponsive patients, other therapies will be considered.We will emphasize in CU due to the difficulty in its diagnosis, the increase in its prevalence and the severe impairment it causes in children ́s quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Chronic Urticaria/diagnosis , Chronic Urticaria/therapy , Chronic Urticaria/etiology , Chronic Urticaria/physiopathology , Histamine H1 Antagonists/therapeutic use
16.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 5(1): 85-92, jan.mar.2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1398417

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Os sintomas gerados pela urticária crônica (UC) afetam significativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, e o estresse pode ser um fator de exacerbação. Isso se torna ainda mais importante no atual cenário de pandemia da doença causada pelo coronavírus (COVID-19). Diante da impossibilidade de manter a mesma quantidade de consultas presenciais, surgiu a necessidade de saber como estariam os pacientes com UC: se apresentariam exacerbação da doença de base caso se infectassem com o SARS-CoV-2, se a UC predisporia os pacientes a um quadro mais grave de COVID-19, e se o estresse emocional a que os pacientes estariam sujeitos exacerbaria sua doença de base. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional retrospectivo com dados coletados através do registro das informações coletadas de pacientes com UC durante remarcação de suas consultas, através de ligações telefônicas. Resultados: Foram incluídos 140 pacientes no estudo, no período de 29/04/2020 a 15/07/2020. O estresse emocional estava presente em 80 pacientes (57,1%), sendo que destes, 30% relataram piora da urticária. A obesidade foi a outra comorbidade mais relatada pelos pacientes com UC (35%). Dos 22 pacientes que procuraram o Pronto-Socorro, 9 (40,9%) foram investigados. Destes, 5 (55,6%) realizaram investigação específica para COVID-19. Conclusões: Durante a pandemia da COVID-19, os nossos pacientes com UC se encontraram mais estressados emocionalmente, e isso foi um fator associado à piora da urticária. A obesidade, no nosso grupo de pacientes, foi muito prevalente.


Introduction: Chronic urticaria (CU) symptoms significantly affect patient quality of life, and stress can be an exacerbating factor. This becomes even more important in the current pandemic setting of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Given the impossibility of maintaining the same schedule of in-person medical appointments, there was a need to know how patients with CU would behave: if they would have an exacerbation of the underlying disease if they became infected with SARS-CoV-2, if CU would predispose patients to a more severe form of COVID- 19, and if emotional stress would exacerbate their underlying disease. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of data collected from records of patients with CU when their medical appointments were rescheduled via telephone call. Results: One hundred and forty patients were included in the study from 4/29/2020 to 7/15/2020. Stress was present in 80 patients (57.1%), of which 30% reported worsening of urticaria. Obesity was the most reported comorbidity in patients with CU (35%). Of the 22 patients who sought emergency care, 9 (40.9%) were investigated. Of these, 5 (55.6%) underwent specific investigation for COVID-19. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, our CU patients were found to be more emotionally stressed, and this factor was associated with worsening of urticaria. Obesity, in our group of patients, was very prevalent.


Subject(s)
Humans , Stress, Psychological , Coronavirus , Chronic Urticaria , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Quality of Life , Comorbidity , Retrospective Studies , Obesity
17.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 5(1): 100-103, jan.mar.2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1398419

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A urticária é uma doença caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento de urticas, angioedema ou ambos. Convencionalmente a urticária pode ser dividida, quanto a sua duração, em duas formas: aguda (UA), quando os sintomas duram menos de seis semanas, e crônica (UC), com seis semanas ou mais de evolução. A COVID-19, enfermidade causada pelo coronavírus SARSCoV- 2, foi inicialmente descrita no final de 2019. A doença se apresenta por sintomas gripais, pneumonia, síndrome respiratória aguda grave e diarreia. Entretanto, o conhecimento atual sugere que a doença seja considerada sistêmica. Objetivo: Descrever as características dos pacientes que apresentaram UA ou exacerbação de UC durante infecção por COVID-19, atendidos em um Centro de Referência e Excelência em Urticária (GA2LEN UCARE). Métodos: De março a agosto de 2020 foram atendidos 12 pacientes com UA ou exacerbação da UC, diagnosticados com COVID-19. Resultados: Dentre os doze pacientes, 11 (92%) eram femininos. Quatro (33%) apresentaram UA entre o 1-6° dia da doença. Oito pacientes (67%) apresentaram exacerbação de UC, precedendo sintomas da COVID-19. Dentre estes, 5 (71%) apresentaram angioedema. Um aspecto importante foi o curso benigno destes pacientes, sem necessidade de hospitalização. Conclusão: Apesar da COVID-19 definir-se por doença respiratória, é essencial o olhar atento e criterioso para outras manifestações clínicas, como as cutâneas, que podem se apresentar como sintomas isolados ou associados. A identificação desta condição pode levar a uma melhoria no diagnóstico e terapia da COVID-19, bem como a uma aplicação mais rápida de práticas de quarentena.


Introduction: Urticaria is a disease characterized by the development of wheals, angioedema, or both. Conventionally, urticaria can be divided, on the basis of duration, into two forms: acute (AU), when symptoms last less than 6 weeks, and chronic (CU), when they last 6 weeks or more. COVID-19, a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, was first described in late 2019. The disease may manifest as flu-like symptoms, pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, and diarrhea. However, current knowledge suggests that the disease is systemic. Objective: To describe the characteristics of patients who presented with AU or exacerbation of CU during infection, treated at a Urticaria Center of Referral and Excellence (GA2LEN UCARE). Methods: From March to August 2020, 12 patients with AU or CU exacerbation who were diagnosed with COVID-19 were treated. Results: Among the 12 patients, 11 (92%) were female. Four patients (33%) had AU between days 1 and 6 of the disease. Eight patients (67%) had CU exacerbation preceding symptoms of COVID-19. Among these, 5 (71%) had angioedema. An important aspect was the benign course of these patients, with no need for hospitalization. Conclusion: Although COVID-19 is defined by respiratory disease, it is essential to look carefully for other clinical manifestations, such as cutaneous symptoms, which can be isolated or associated. The identification of this condition can lead to an improvement in the diagnosis and therapy of COVID-19, as well as a faster application of quarantine practices.


Subject(s)
Humans , Urticaria , Chronic Urticaria , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Angioedema , Respiratory Tract Diseases , Signs and Symptoms , Coronavirus , Diagnosis
18.
An. bras. dermatol ; 96(2): 148-154, Mar.-Apr. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248734

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The pathophysiology of urticaria is still poorly understood. Recent studies demonstrate that the activation of coagulation is correlated with the clinical activity of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria. Coagulation and inflammation are strongly linked. Objectives: To correlate the severity and activity of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria with the levels of D-dimer, C-reactive protein, and autologous serum test in patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria. Methods: The study included 55 patients diagnosed with chronic spontaneous urticaria. D-dimer levels were measured using enzyme-linked fluorescent assay and C-reactive protein levels were measured using the nephelometric method; autologous serum testing was performed on patients who discontinued antihistamine therapy. The severity of the disease was assessed using the urticaria activity score. Results: patients with severe, spontaneous, and difficult-to-control chronic urticaria had elevated serum levels of D-dimer, as well as a positive autologous serum test. Little correlation was demonstrated between the severity of chronic spontaneous urticaria and the levels of C-reactive protein. Conclusion: The authors concluded that patients with severe Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria showed signs of activated fibrinolysis. Most patients with high clinical scores had high D-dimer values. Patients with positive results for the autologous serum test also had more severe Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria and needed more drugs to control the disease. Finally, little correlation was found between C-reactive protein levels and disease severity. Study limitations: The main limitation was the small sample of patients. In the present patients, it was demonstrated that serum D-dimer levels and the autologous serum test can act as predictive markers of severity and activity of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Urticaria , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Chronic Urticaria , Brazil , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products , Skin Tests , Chronic Disease , Cross-Sectional Studies
19.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 4(4): 447-457, out.dez.2020. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1382050

ABSTRACT

Background: The costs of chronic urticaria (CU) are unknown in Brazil. The objective of this study was to describe the costs associated with the treatment of CU. Methods: This longitudinal, descriptive study recruited patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria and/or chronic inducible urticaria, who attended at least 4 visits to a specialized outpatient clinic within a 12-month period. Patients with other skin diseases and those who discontinued treatment were excluded. Patients underwent a provocation test and an objective evaluation, before receiving treatment according to the most recent guidelines. Data on direct and indirect costs of treatment were collected at each visit, and analyzed using Chisquare tests, the Mann-Whitney test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), paired t-tests, Tukey post-hoc tests and Wilcoxon tests. A p-value of 5% was considered significant. Results: From November 2016 to December 2018, 55 out of 68 enrolled patients completed the protocol. The cost of absenteeism was US$ 21,125.84 and that of transportation was US$ 3,755.69. The total indirect cost of CU was US$ 24,881.53 (US$ 452.39 per patient-year; SD, 461.11). The cost of medical appointments was US$ 3,838.17, and that of laboratory tests, US$ 6,607.39. The total cost of medications was US$ 174,697.58, of which US$ 141,582.91 was associated with the use of omalizumab in 12 patients. The total direct cost of CU was US$ 185,143.14 (US$ 3,366.23 per patient-year; SD, 6,446.58), resulting in an overall annual cost of US$ 210,024.67 (US$ 3,818.63 per patient-year). The higher the household income, the higher the costs of CU treatment. Conclusion: CU had a significant cost to the study population. The total estimated mean cost of illness was US$ 3,818.63 patient-year. The cost of medication was significantly increased by the use of omalizumab, an effective option for patients with CU refractory to high-dose antihistamine therapy, but a major contributor to the economic burden of patients with CU.


Introdução: Os custos da urticária crônica (UC) são desconhecidos no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever os custos relacionados ao seu tratamento. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal descritivo de pacientes com urticária crônica espontânea e/ou urticária crônica induzível, que compareceram a pelo menos quatro consultas em um ambulatório especializado em um período de 12 meses. Foram excluídos aqueles com outras doenças de pele e que interromperam o tratamento. Os pacientes foram submetidos a testes de provocação, avaliação objetiva e tratamento de acordo com as diretrizes mais recentes. Dados sobre custos diretos e indiretos do tratamento foram coletados em cada visita. Foram utilizados os testes qui-quadrado, Mann-Whitney, Anova, t-pareado, post-hoc Tukey, e Wilcoxon's. Foi considerado significativo p < 0,05. Resultados: De novembro de 2016 a dezembro de 2018, 55 pacientes dos 68 inscritos completaram o protocolo. O custo do absenteísmo foi de US$ 21.125,84, e o transporte, de US$ 3.755,69. O custo indireto total foi de US$ 24.881,53 (US$ 452,39 paciente-ano; DP ± 61,11). As despesas com consultas foram de US$ 3.838,17, e o custo total de exames laboratoriais foi de US$ 6.607,39. O custo total com medicamentos foi de US$ 174.697,58, dos quais US$ 141.582,91 relacionados ao uso de omalizumabe em 12 pacientes. O custo direto total foi de US$ 185.143,12 (US$ 3.366,23 por paciente-ano, DP ± 6.446,58), resultando em um custo anual global relacionado à doença de US$ 210.024,67 (US$ 3.818,63 paciente-ano). Quanto maior a renda familiar, maiores os custos com a urticária crônica. Conclusão: A UC tem um custo significativo para a população do estudo. O custo médio total estimado foi de US$ 3.818,63 paciente-ano. Os altos custos com medicamentos, aumentados pelo uso do omalizumabe, que é uma opção eficaz em pacientes com altas doses de anti-histamínicos, resultam na maior carga econômica entre os pacientes com UC.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Expenditures , Omalizumab , Chronic Urticaria , Histamine Antagonists , Patients , Quality of Life , Therapeutics , Direct Service Costs , Brazil , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cost of Illness , Costs and Cost Analysis , Financial Stress , Methods
20.
Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 4(3): 289-299, jul.set.2020. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1381997

ABSTRACT

A urticária crônica é uma doença com grande impacto socioeconômico e na qualidade de vida do indivíduo. O adequado conhecimento de formas de tratamento eficazes e com perfil de segurança satisfatório, assim como dos mecanismos preditores de resposta ao tratamento, são essenciais para que se alcance um controle adequado da doença. O omalizumabe é um anticorpo monoclonal anti-IgE com eficácia reconhecida e bom perfil de segurança no tratamento da urticária crônica. Objetivamos elucidar questões envolvidas no manejo desta medicação, através da revisão em literatura de estudos atuais e com relevância clínica. Foi realizado levantamento de questões importantes e pouco elucidadas, buscando respostas baseadas nestes estudos. Com isso, foram abordados aspectos práticos do tratamento com o omalizumabe, esclarecendo desde os fenótipos dos pacientes e conduta adequada para estas diferentes situações, trazendo possíveis fatores preditores de resposta ao tratamento e contemplando também um novo anticorpo monoclonal anti-IgE no manejo destes pacientes.


Chronic urticaria is a disease with great socioeconomic impact on people's quality of life. Adequate knowledge of effective treatments with a satisfactory safety profile as well as of the predictive mechanisms of response to treatment are essential for achieving adequate disease control. Omalizumab is an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody with recognized efficacy and a good safety profile in the treatment of chronic urticaria. We aim to elucidate issues involving the management of this medication through a literature review of current studies with clinical relevance. A survey of important and unclear questions was conducted, and the answers were sought in the studies. Thus, practical aspects of omalizumab treatment were addressed, including the phenotypes of patients and appropriate approaches for different situations. Possible predictive factors of response to treatment and a new anti-IgE monoclonal antibody for the management of these patients were also reported.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Omalizumab , Chronic Urticaria , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Patients , Phenotype , Quality of Life , Safety , Therapeutics , Immunoglobulin E
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